Electrostatic Powder Enamel
Release time:
2026-03-26 10:25
Source:
China Enamel Industry Association
Abstract: This article briefly describes the development process of electrostatic powder enamel, and briefly introduces the characteristics and properties of electrostatic enamel powder based on the electrostatic spraying principle.
1. Overview
With the further development of industrial automation, people in the coating industry began to look for methods to achieve coating without the use of organic solvents, which was realized in the 1960s. This method was first applied to the enamel industry 27 years ago. In 1975, electrostatic powder enamel spraying technology was first used in France and subsequently promoted worldwide. Currently, more than 150 enamel factories worldwide use electrostatic powder spraying technology, covering kitchenware, sanitary ware, water heaters, architectural enamel, etc. Methods include single-layer enamel coating, dry/dry two-layer enamel coating and firing, and wet/dry two-layer enamel coating and firing, depending on the steel type and pretreatment method. The consumption of electrostatic enamel powder has reached 20% of global enamel powder consumption and is increasing at a rate of approximately 5% annually.
2. Characteristics of Electrostatic Powder Enamel
2.1 Advantages of Using Electrostatic Powder Enamel
2.1.1 Savings in Manpower, Energy, and Materials. The entire process of product pretreatment, spraying, sintering, and conveying is fully automated. A single shift of a 144-piece/hour water heater inner tank production line requires only 4-5 operators, eliminating the need for ball milling and drying processes. Spray thickness is controllable, and the enamel powder recycling rate is 100%.
2.1.2 Improved Production Efficiency and Product Quality. Automated production cycle time and controllable product models reduce scrap rates, increase the smoothness and thickness uniformity of the enamel surface, and reduce surface defects.
2.1.3 Simplified Enamel Production Process and Space Saving. The traditional ball milling and drying processes are eliminated, resulting in simplification and savings in process flow, production equipment, and production space.
2.1.4 Beneficial to environmental and ecological protection. Residual powder during the spraying process is recycled, and no waste porcelain powder or wastewater is generated during production.
2.2 Issues requiring attention regarding electrostatic powder spraying technology
2.2.1 High initial investment. Initial equipment investment is high, and maintenance and repair costs are also high.
2.2.2 High requirements for operators' comprehensive skills. Automated equipment requires not only management and technical personnel familiar with enamel properties, but also knowledge of electrical automation, mechanics, and thermodynamics.
2.2.3 The working environment significantly impacts product quality. Spraying operations need to be carried out in a constant temperature and humidity environment. Working conditions significantly affect product quality. Modern spraying equipment is equipped with air conditioning systems, minimizing interference from the external environment.
2.2.4 Product color is limited. One spraying machine can only spray the same batch of single-color products. Changing product colors requires careful and thorough cleaning of the spraying equipment.
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