Adhesion Between Enamel and Metal (3) - Dendritic Adhesion Theory

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2026-04-08 14:55

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Glass and Enamel

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2.3 Dendritic Adhesion Theory

This theory encompasses both physical and chemical bonding. Dendritic crystals are tree-like crystals formed during the cooling stage. According to thermodynamic principles, dendritic crystal formation is a process involving the formation of different crystal nuclei. Many scholars have conducted detailed studies on the interface between iron and porcelain enamel using metallographic methods and X-ray analysis. They have discovered the presence of dendritic crystals at this interface, which are firmly bonded to both the porcelain enamel and the metal. The formation of dendritic crystals is related to the reduction and precipitation of metal particles from the molten porcelain enamel.

In terms of physical bonding, dendritic crystals roughen the interface between the enamel and the metal, leading to good adhesion through mechanical force. In terms of chemical bonding, during the firing stage, complex chemical reactions occur between the metal and the porcelain enamel, creating chemical bonds at the boundary between the porcelain layer and the metal. These chemical bonds tightly bind the porcelain layer and the metal together.

Jiang Weizhong systematically studied the adhesion formation process and mechanism of antimony-molybdenum base enamel, proposing the "intermediate transition layer" theory for the adhesion of antimony-molybdenum base enamel. Some scholars have also conducted detailed research on antimony-molybdenum base enamels, pointing out that antimony-molybdenum adhesives can only achieve better results through grinding.

Sb₂O₃ adheres to the steel surface through electrochemical corrosion; MoO₃ can reduce the surface tension of the melt, thus promoting adhesion.

(To be continued)

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